This new Tainos was pre-Columbian people of your own Bahamas, Deeper Antilles, as well as the northern Lesser Antilles. It is thought that the new seafaring Tainos was basically nearest and dearest of Arawakan folks of South america. The words is actually a member of the latest Maipurean linguistic family members, which selections of South america across the Caribbean.
During Columbus’s arrival into the 1492, there were four Taino kingdoms and you may regions to your Hispaniola (twenty-first century Dominican Republic and you may Haiti), per contributed by a primary Cacique (chieftain), so you’re able to whom tribute is actually paid. Because the hereditary lead captain away from Taino people, the cacique is actually reduced significant tribute. Caciques appreciated the brand new privilege from putting on wonderful pendants named guanin, living in rectangular bohios instead of the round of those the latest villagers inhabited, and you may sat with the wood feces whenever receiving tourist. During the time of the fresh Spanish conquest, the biggest Taino populace stores may have consisted of around 3,000 anybody or maybe more. New Tainos was historical natives and enemies of intense Carib tribes, an alternative category with origins during the South usa who existed principally into the the new Cheaper Antilles.
In your community, the newest Tainos labeled on their own by the name of their location
For the majority of the new fifteenth century, brand new Taino tribe had been driven on the Northeast in the Caribbean (out of what exactly is today South usa) due to raids of the fierce Caribs (Of numerous Carib women talked Taino by the plethora of women Taino captives one of them).
Terminology The expression “Taino” appear right from Columbus
From the eighteenth century, Taino area got devastated because of the put ailment including smallpox, as well as other troubles such intermarriages and you will forced consumption with the the new plantation savings you to Spain implemented in Caribbean colonies, featuring its after that importation from African slave workers. The original recorded smallpox outbreak when you look at the Hispaniola occurred in 1507 het tjej i Kina. It is argued that there are good-sized mestizaje including several Indian pueblos one live to the nineteenth century for the Cuba. The new Spaniards just who basic arrived in the fresh Bahamas, Cuba and Hispaniola into the 1492, and soon after in Puerto Rico, didn’t give female. They grabbed Taino female because of their wives, which triggered mestizo youngsters.
The latest native individuals he discovered inside the very first voyage entitled by themselves “Taino”, meaning “good” otherwise “noble”, to differentiate themselves off Area-Caribs. It identity used on every Island Tainos along with those in the fresh new Less Antilles. Such as, those who work in Puerto Rico titled by themselves Boricua (which means that individuals from the new isle of valiant noble lords) the area is actually named Borike’n (Higher land of one’s valiant good lord) and those consuming the fresh new Bahamas entitled by themselves Lucayo (short countries).
Some ethnohistorians, including Daniel Garrison Brinton, called the same community of individuals “Area Arawak” in the Arawakan phrase to possess cassava flour, an essential of one’s battle. Using this, the text and people were sooner titled “Arawak”. However, modern scholars think of this an error. The folks exactly who called by themselves Arawak stayed simply regarding the Guianas and you will Trinidad as well as their vocabulary and you will culture change from those of the brand new Taino.
Going right on through date, various other publishers, vacationer, historians, linguists, anthropologists, etcetera., have interchangeably made use of these terms. Taino has been used to help you indicate the greater amount of Antillean tribes merely, people while the Bahamas people, those additionally the Leeward Isles tribes or every one of these leaving out this new Puerto Rican tribes and you may Leeward tribes. Isle Taino has been utilized to mention to people surviving in the latest Windward Islands just, those in the new north Caribbean merely otherwise those residing one of the isles. Modern historians, linguists and anthropologists today hold your title Taino is always to recommend to Taino/Arawak tribes except for the fresh new Caribs. The Caribs are not seen because of the anthropologists nor historians to be the same anybody even if linguists are debating whether the Carib words is an Arawakan dialect otherwise creole vocabulary – or at least a distinct words, which have an enthusiastic Arawakan pidgin commonly found in correspondence.